E-bikes
To count as an e-bike in Ontario, a bike needs working pedals, a motor of 500 W or less, a top assisted speed of 32 km/h, and a weight of 120 kg or less including the battery. Changing the motor to go past these limits is illegal. Removing the pedals makes it a motor vehicle that needs a licence, insurance and registration.
Riders must be 16 or older and wear an approved bicycle or motorcycle helmet. Riders don’t need a licence or insurance.
E-bikes can use most roads where bicycles can go. They can’t use controlled-access highways such as the 400 series and the QEW. Cities can ban e-bikes from city roads and paths.
The province proposed splitting e-bikes into classes in April 2026. Until it posts a decision, the rules above apply.
E-scooters
E-scooters are legal only in municipalities that passed a bylaw to join the provincial pilot. The pilot runs to November 27, 2029.
Riders must be 16 or older, stay standing, and carry no passengers or cargo. Riders under 18 must wear a bicycle helmet. The scooter can weigh up to 45 kg, with a motor of 500 W or less and a top speed of 24 km/h. It needs 2 wheels no larger than 17 inches, brakes, a bell or horn, a white front light, a red rear light and reflectors on the sides. It can’t have pedals or a seat.
Each town decides where e-scooters can go, such as roads or trails. Breaking the pilot rules can bring a fine of $250 to $2,500.
Toronto voted not to join the pilot in 2021 and again in 2024. The city says riding an e-scooter anywhere public in Toronto is illegal, including bike lanes and parks.
Onewheels, e-unicycles and e-skateboards
Ontario’s Highway Traffic Act doesn’t cover these devices. The City of Toronto says that’s why they can’t be ridden on public roads or in bike lanes. They can be ridden on private property.
Cities
Cities decide where e-bikes can go on paths and trails, and whether e-scooters are allowed at all. Check the city’s page before riding.